The conflict’s economic toll extends far beyond destroyed infrastructure and disrupted trade. Lost productivity, refugee costs, military spending, and development delays create massive economic burdens.
Ukraine’s economy contracted sharply following the invasion. Rebuilding will require not just repairing damage but recreating conditions for sustained economic growth.
European economies face costs from refugee support, energy disruptions, and military assistance. These expenses affect domestic politics and support for continued Ukraine involvement.
Russian economy faces sanctions impacts and costs of military mobilization. Economic pressures potentially affect Moscow’s calculations about settlement terms.
Long-term economic development prospects depend heavily on security arrangements. Investors require confidence about stability before committing resources to reconstruction.
